I miramira ngā kitenga o te kohinga nui rawa o ngā rangahau me ngā tātaritanga o te āhua o te ahungarua mō te Māori, i te uauatanga kei mua i te tini, ināianei, ā, mohoā nei.
Kua whakaputaina e Te Ara Ahunga Ora Retirement Commission ngā pepa e whā e whai whakaaro ana ki te oranga o ngā pākeke Māori me ō rātou huarahi ki te ahungarua. Mārakerake ana te kite i ngā pānga kino o te tāmitanga, te manarite-kore o ngā anga me te rironga o te whenua i runga i te nuinga.
He mate awe te Māori i mua i ētahi atu, ā, i te roanga o tō rātou oranga ka aupēhitia e ngā whāruarua ā-hauora, ā-ōhanga, ā-oranga, ā-pōharatanga, ngā wheako mātauranga, te mauheretanga, te whai rawatanga me te āheinga ki tētahi wāhi noho. He iti ake te wā whiwhi penihana a te Māori, he iti ake ngā tapeke KiwiSaver i te mea he iti ake ngā utu, ā, kāore pea ō rātou kāinga i te wā ka tāoki i te mahi.
Engari, he tūranga waiwai tō ngā kaumātua i roto i te hapori, otirā he poutāwhā, he poutoko, he kaipupuri i te mātauranga, me te noho hei tūhonotanga ki te ao o uki.
He mea whakahaere te kaupapa rangahau hei tautoko i te arotake ā-toru tau o ngā kaupapahere utu ahungarua. I tēnei tau i tono te Kāwanatanga ki Te Ara Ahunga Ora ki te āta titiro ki ngā take kei mua i te Māori: e whā ngā kaupapa rangahau e ruku ana ki ngā wheako a te Māori i whakahaeretia. Kua whakaputaina hoki ngā rangahau o ētahi atu rōpū whakaarotau, arā ngā Iwi o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa me ngā wāhine.
E ai ki a Jane Wrightson te Mana Ahungarua: "Kua nanao atu mātou ki ngā mōhiotanga o ētahi o ngā mātanga me ngā kairangahau koi rawa o te motu, me ō mātou ake mātanga, ki te whakahaere i tēnei mahi nunui.
"Mā te mārama tika ki te ahungarua mā ngā tirohanga o te Māori, ka taea pea te whakawhanake i ngā kaupapahere pai me ngā mahi whai pānga hei hiki i ngā putanga mā te Māori i te wā o te ahungarua."
E whakarato ana te tuhinga tuatahi i tēnei huinga rangahau kua tuhia e Tākuta Kathie Irwin, i te horopaki ā-kōrero tuku iho, ā-hanganga, ā-tōrangapū hoki ki te whanaketanga kaupapahere kāwanatanga me te pānga ā-ōhanga, ā-pāpori hoki i runga i te Māori.
Ko te pepa tuarua he arotakenga mātākōrero i whakahaeretia e Tākuta Margaret Kempton, i utua e Te Manatū Hauora hoki. Ka whakarato tēnei tuhinga i te tirohanga whānui o ngā rangahau tūtata o te āhua o te "ahungarua" ki te Māori i Aotearoa. E kī ana te tuhinga, ko ngā Māori ka ora tonu ki tua o te 65 tau, e hoahoatia ana te oranga e ngā uara ahurea, te oranga me ngā manakohanga motuhake.
Ko te tuhinga tuatoru he rangahau poto o te ahua hoahoa a ngā āhuatanga hangapori i te pānga ki te Māori o ngā kaupapahere moni whiwhi ahungarua nā Len Cook, Kaitatau o Aotearoa mai i te 1992-2000.
Ko te tuhinga whakamutunga he huinga kua whakakaohia e Erin Thompson rāua ko Tākuta Kathie Irwin, otirā ka arotake i ngā tātaritanga o tētahi huinga pātai i uia ki ngā pākeke Māori i tētahi uiui pairete mō ō rātou whakaaro mō te ahungarua.
He mea whakahaere ngā rangahau e Te Whare Rangahau Māori o Hemi Henare i Waipapa Taumata Rau, otirā i whakatū wānanga me ngā kaumātua o Waikato-Tainui me Ngātiwai. I kōrero ngā kaumātua mō ā rātou wheako puku mahi i te ahungaruatanga, ā, me te pātai ake mēnā rā ka tāoki, karekau rānei i te wā o te ahungarua. Otirā ko ētahi o ā rātou mahi, he ngaki, he tiaki i ngā māra, he taka me te tunu kai mā ngā whānau. Ka whakaako hoki i te reo Māori me ōna tikanga, me ngā uara i tukua mai i ngā tūpuna. He nui hoki ngā mahi a ngā kaumātua mō ō rātou hapū me ngā iwi, ka mahi haere i te marae, ka haere ki ngā huihuinga me te whakakanohi ake i te whānau ki ngā take ā-marae, ā-iwi hoki.
Ko te kī a Erin Thompson (Ngāti Rangiwewehi, Ngāi Tāmanuhiri, Ngaati Tiipa), Kaihautū o Te Ara Ahunga Ora me te kaituhi-tūhono o te tuhinga tuawhā, e miramira ana ngā rangahau i ngā take ōhanga o ngā kaumātua Māori otirā he mea whakarite i roto i ngā whakatipuranga maha.
"He pānga nui tō te kāwanatanga ki te waihanga i tēnei kāhua putanga. E kore e taea e te arotake kotahi i ngā kaupapahere utu ahungarua te whakatau tika, me te wetewete i ngā paparanga maha o te tautika-kore i hangā i roto i ngā tini whakatipuranga.
"E whakaumu ai te oranga o ngā Māori pakeke ake, me pae tata, me pae roa, me pae tawhiti ngā whakaaro ā-rautaki, ā-mahere hoki, tae atu ki te panoni i ngā whanonga ā-hanganga, ā-torowhare, ā-whaiaro hoki.
Ka whāngai ēnei tuhinga rangahau i ngā tūtohu i te pūrongo nui ka whakaratoa e te Mana Ahungarua ki te Kāwanatanga hei te Tīhema 2022. E kī ana hoki a Jane Wrightson, Mana Ahungarua, mā te Māori kē e ārahi i ngā whanaketanga kaupapahere, otirā ka noho tēnei hei miramiratanga o te pūrongo whakamutunga.
Ngā tirohanga matua mai i ia tuhinga:
Tuhinga Tuatahi: Decolonising Public Policy: The Galaxy, The Gavel and The Gun, Dr Kathie Irwin (2022)
- Kāore i whakahaeretia ai ngā mahi waihanga kaupapahere i runga anō i te māramatanga nui ki ngā pānga o Te Tiriti me te kaupapa Māori.
- I whai wāhi ngā āhuatanga ā-hanganga, ā-hītori, ā-tōrangapū hoki ki te murunga o te pārekereke o ngā rawa a ngā whānau, ngā hapū me ngā iwi, tō rātou tuakiri me te āheinga ki te whakapiki rawa a tēnā whakatipuranga, a tēnā whakatipuranga, i runga anō i ngā tikanga me ngā āhuatanga Māori.
- Ko te awenga nui o ngā putanga hauora Māori, he hua nō ngā āhuatanga ā-hanganga, ā-taiao hoki, nui atu i ngā āhuatanga whaiaro.
- Ahakoa 91 ngā iwi kua whakatauhia ā rātou tono me te Karauna, ko te nuinga he take tōrangapū kē. Ko ngā whakahokinga utu, he kongakonga noa o te uara i murua, otirā kāore i tata te whakataunga ki te nui o te murunga. Ko ngā whānau hoki ngā kaitiaki o te whenua, engari i whakatauhia ngā tono me ngā iwi kē. E rongo tonu ana te ngau o te mamae i roto i ngā tini-whakatipuranga.
- I te wā e ako tonu ana a Aotearoa kia mārama ake, kia kauawhi hoki i tōna ake hītori, kāore i te tika kia whakawhanaketia te kaupapahere ahungarua kia ōrite mā te katoa.
Tuhinga Tuarua: Arotakenga Mātākōrero Tākuta Margaret Kempton (2022)
- He 250 ngā momo rangahau i whai whakaarotia hei wāhanga o tēnei arotakenga mātākōrero. E tūtohu ana he kanorau te Māori, otirā e panoni ana te taupori, heoi e mārakerake ana te kite he mōrihariha ngā āhuatanga ahungarua o te Māori.
- Ehara te "maunutanga", te "whakatā" rānei, i te āhuatanga nui te kitea i roto i te ahungarua Māori, i te mea e pukumahi ana te nuinga ki te tautoko i ngā whānau, te hapori whānui, ngā hapū me ngā iwi.
- He nui ngā Māori ka ora tonu i tua i te 65 tau te pakeke, otirā he mea hanga ō rātou oranga ki runga i ngā tikanga ahurea motuhake me ngā manakohanga hoki.
- Ka noho te mahi aroha a ngā kaumātua hei ārahitanga i te iwi, otirā ka uru te tiaki i ngā mokopuna, ā, ko te utu, ko te tiaki i ngā pākeke Māori i runga anō i ngā tikanga ahurea Māori.
- Ko te pānga kino o te tāmitanga me te kaikiri i runga i te hauora me te oranga o te Māori, ina whakaritea ki ō te Pākehā, he tino mārama te kite i te iti ake o te matapae oranga, me te pānga wawe o ngā tūmomo mate, me te hāhaka ake o ngā taumata whai rawa, te nui ake hoki o te pōharatanga.
- I kōrerotia hoki te pānga o te tāmitanga me te murunga o te whenua, tae atu ki te iti o ngā utu mahi i te roanga o te oranga, tētahi take nui i kore ai te nuinga o te Māori i pupuri i tōna whare ake.
- He mea tautuhi ake te hiranga taketake o te ariā o te kāinga, o te whenua hoki hei take whakapou o te āheinga ki te tautoko i te whānau, te tūhono atu ki te whakapapa, te whai wāhi ki roto i te kotahitanga me te manaaki i te whānau me ngā hoa.
Tuhinga Tuatoru: A brief study of how demographic dynamics will shape the impact on Māori of retirement income policy Len Cook (2022)
- E piki haere ana te maha o te iwi Māori hei wāhanga o te taupori, ā, ka pāhikahika anō te tipu o te rāngai hunga mahi hei ngā tau maha e tū mai nei.
- Ko te matapae oranga i te whānautanga ko te 73.4 tau mō ngā tāne Māori me te 77.1 mō ngā wāhine Māori. Taurite ake ki ngā tāne ehara i te Māori, ko te matapae he 80.9 tau, ā, mō ngā wāhine, he 84.4 tau.
- Ko te matapae oranga mai i te 65 he 15.4 tau mō ngā tāne Māori me te 17.5 tau mō ngā wāhine Māori. Kia taurite ake ki te hunga ehara i te Māori, he 19.6 me te 21.9.
- Ka nui te heke o te mōrehutanga a te Māori mō ngā tāne me ngā wāhine i waenga i ngā tau 50 ki te 65, otirā ko te pāpānga mate mō ngā tāne Māori he x2.3 ki tērā o te hunga ehara i te Māori, me te x3.6 mō ngā wāhine Māori. Ko te pānga o ēnei āhuatanga e rua, he iti ake te whiwhi a te Māori i te Penihana Ahungarua, ina tauritea ki ō ngā tāngata ehara i te Māori.
- Ko te tikanga me whakarite te whakaratonga ahungarua o Aotearoa kia uru mārika te Māori hei ngā tau o te ahungarua, otirā he hua o te oranga mahi whai hua, i whakaritea e te āheinga mana tautika ki te mātauranga me ngā ratonga hauora, tatū noa mai i te wā e tamariki ana.
- Ahakoa ēnei herenga, he nui ake te uara o te KiwiSaver ki te Māori hei kohinga rawa, tēnā ki te hunga ehara i te Māori.
- Engari he iti ake te tūpono whiwhi a te Māori i ngā hua o te KiwiSaver, i te mea he iti ake te hunga e nanao atu ana, he iti ake ngā utu(ā, he pāhikahika te pānga e ngā tiringa pūmau).
- He iti ake te kohinga rawa ōkiko a te Māori i mua o te tāokitanga, otirā ko te whiwhi whare tērā. I te mea e rēti whare ana, he nui ake te pā kinotia o te paerewa o te noho e ngā utu rēti, tēnā i te hunga ehara i te Māori.
- Kāore anō i puāwai noa mai ai te tūpono whai hua o ngā whakatipuranga Māori o mua nā te pāhikahika o te āheinga ki ngā taumata teitei o te mātauranga me te whakangungu, me te kore e whakatauhia o ngā matea hauora.
Tuhinga Tuawhā: What the people said, about ‘what retirement looks like for Māori’, Tākuta Kathie Irwin rāua ko Erin Thompson (2022)
- Ko te mātua whakarite kia whai mōhio ai te kaupapahere utu ahungarua e te mātauranga Māori, ā, kai tautokona hoki ngā whakaratonga ahungarua me ngā putanga mō te Māori e te tirohanga Māori, otirā e whai hua ai a Aotearoa whānui.
- He 451 ngā urupare. 65% he wahine; 35% he tāne. 35% i raro i te 50 tau; 65 % i tua i te 50 tau.
- Ko te kite ake a ngā kaumātua, i te wā e mate hohoro ana ngā tāne Māori, ka utu rātou i te Penihana Ahungarua mā āna tāke, engari kāore i te whai hua - he iti noa te wā whai hua.
- Me te pātai anō a ētahi, mēnā rā e tika ana kia urutauhia te pāpānga utu mō te Māori, hei whakaata pai ake i ngā haepapa tuku iho a ngā kaumātua.
- I te mea i hoahoatia te KiwiSaver hei utu i te ahungarua, ko te tikanga o te iti o te matapae oranga o te Māori, he iti ake ngā tau i muri i te 65, nō reira i puta te pātai a ētahi, kia wawe ake te āhei a te Māori ki tēnei tahua.
- I huritao ngā kaumātua ki te āhuatanga o te 'noho pōhara hei rangatira i tō tātou ake whenua', ā, kāore i whakamahere mō te ahungarua, nā te nui o ngā pāpānga mate i waenga i ngā tau 30-50, me te iti ake o te matapae oranga.
- E pēnei ana te āhua, āhakoa ka noho ngā kaumātua hei wāhanga nui o te hapori, e uaratia ana, e whakautetia ana hoki hei poutāwhā, hei kaipupuri i te mātauranga, hei hononga nui i waenga i te onamata me te inamata.
- Ko ētahi o ngā whakaaro o te Mana Ahungarua, ko te whakatū i tētahi Rōpū Tohutohu kia whai whakaaro ki tētahi pūnaha utu ahungarua mō te Māori, He Wānanga Whakamahere Anamata Māori hei tautuhi i ngā āheinga e whakatau ana i te āheinga tautika mā te Māori i te ahungarua, me te whanaketanga Māori i te āheinga ahumoni me te aumangea, ā, tatū noa ki te whakatū papakāinga.
- Kia heke iho te tau e māraurau ai te Māori ki te KiwiSaver me te Penihana Ahungaroa tētahi take i kōrerotia.